SUMMARY RESIDENT PERSON PREDOMINANT INTEREST TEST The ultimate beneficial owners are not qualified persons in the aggregate of a predominant interest in the form of participation or otherwise STOCK EXCHANGE TEST The principal class of shares is not listed or is not regularly and primarly traded on one or more recognized stock exchanges The ultimate beneficial owners of a predominant interest in the company are not one or more companies which meet the direct stock exchange test 95% SHAREHOLDER TEST 95% or more of all the shares (of the aggregate vote and value) are ultimately owned by seven or fewers persons that are qualified persons of a member state of the EU or of the EEA or a party to the NAFTA More than 50% of the gross income is used to make deductible payments to persons which are neither qualified persons nor US citizens ACTIVE TRADE OR BUSINESS TEST The person is engaged in the active conduct of a trade or business in CH The income derived by this person from USA is not derived in connection with the business activities carried on in CH The income derived from USA is incidental to the trade or business in Switzerland TRIANGULAR CASES The Swiss enterprise derives income from USA which is attributable to a permanent establishment in a third jurisdiction The total tax liability in CH and the third jurisdiction is less than 60% of the tax liability that would have been payable in CH, if the income was earned in CH by the company and were not attributable to the permanent establishment in the third jurisdiction The income is not royalty income received as compensation for the use of, or the right to use, intangible property produced or developed by the permanent establishment itself The income consists in income (other than royalty income) derived in connection with, or incidental to the active conduct of a trade or business carried on by the permanent establishment in the third jurisdiction Under these circumstances treaty protection is granted
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